Which condition can lead to endocarditis, meningitis, or epididymo-orchitis after exposure to unpasteurized milk?

Which condition can lead to endocarditis, meningitis, or epididymo-orchitis after exposure to unpasteurized milk?

• A. Brucellosis
• B. Listeriosis
• C. Salmonellosis
• D. Leptospirosis

Answer: (A)

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, which is often transmitted to humans through the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, including milk and cheese. After exposure, Brucella can lead to a variety of serious complications, among which endocarditis (infection of the heart valves), meningitis (inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord), and epididymo-orchitis (inflammation of the epididymis and testes) are notable. The ability of Brucella to cause these specific conditions is linked to its tendency to evade the immune system and persist in the human body, leading to systemic infections and localized complications. This is in contrast to other conditions listed, which either do not have the same complications associated with unpasteurized milk exposure or are less commonly linked to these serious sequelae. For instance, while listeriosis is associated with unpasteurized dairy products and can lead to meningitis, it is primarily known for causing severe illness in pregnant women, newborns, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals rather than endocarditis or epididymo-orchitis. Salmonellosis, often related to contaminated food or water, typically presents

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, which is often transmitted to humans through the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products, including milk and cheese. After exposure, Brucella can lead to a variety of serious complications, among which endocarditis (infection of the heart valves), meningitis (inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord), and epididymo-orchitis (inflammation of the epididymis and testes) are notable.

The ability of Brucella to cause these specific conditions is linked to its tendency to evade the immune system and persist in the human body, leading to systemic infections and localized complications. This is in contrast to other conditions listed, which either do not have the same complications associated with unpasteurized milk exposure or are less commonly linked to these serious sequelae.

For instance, while listeriosis is associated with unpasteurized dairy products and can lead to meningitis, it is primarily known for causing severe illness in pregnant women, newborns, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals rather than endocarditis or epididymo-orchitis. Salmonellosis, often related to contaminated food or water, typically presents